Adt lab/classes

This is part of Adt lab

C++ is a class-based object-oriented programming language. Every object in C++ must be an instance of some class. If you are familiar with OOP in Java, most ideas should be familiar; you may need to learn a few new terminologies. There are one main difference: in C++ you have freedom to use an object as a value-typed variable; in Java, every object is a reference variable. We will look at these basic idea this week.

On-line resources

• C++ Programming on wikibooks: classes section
• Tutorial from cplusplus.com

• Moving from Java to C++
• Java to C++ Transition Tutorial

Classes in C++

Review of basic terminologies

Classes are user-defined types. An object is an instance of a class. A class can contain many members: data members, member functions, constants. (Note that in C++, we do not call member functions as methods.) Members can have access labels: public, protected, private. Some member can be static member, i.e., it is a member that is shared among all objects in the class.

ADT: Integer set

In this section, we will implement simple integer set ADT based on arrays. The implementation has many limitations, though.

Interface

class IntegerSet
{
public:
  IntegerSet();

  void add(int x);
  bool contains(int x);
  void remove(int x);
};

IntegerSet with set_union and set_difference

class IntegerSet
{
public:
  IntegerSet();

  void add(int x);
  bool contains(int x);
  void remove(int x);

  bool is_equal(const IntegerSet& s);
  
  IntegerSet set_union(const IntegerSet& s);
  IntegerSet set_difference(const IntegerSet& s);
};